内容简介
The present book strives for clarity and transparency. Right from the begin-ning, it requires from the reader a willingness to deal with abstract concepts, as well as a considerable measure of self-initiative. For these e&,rts, the reader will be richly rewarded in his or her mathematical thinking abilities, and will possess the foundation needed for a deeper penetration into mathematics and its applications.
This book is the first volume of a three volume introduction to analysis. It de- veloped from. courses that the authors have taught over the last twenty six years at the Universities of Bochum, Kiel, Zurich, Basel and Kassel. Since we hope that this book will be used also for self-study and supplementary reading, we have included far more material than can be covered in a three semester sequence. This allows us to provide a wide overview of the subject and to present the many beautiful and important applications of the theory. We also demonstrate that mathematics possesses, not only elegance and inner beauty, but also provides efficient methods for the solution of concrete problems.
内页插图
目录
Preface
Chapter Ⅰ Foundations
1 Fundamentals of Logic
2 Sets
Elementary Facts
The Power Set
Complement, Intersection and Union
Products
Families of Sets
3 Functions,
Simple Examples
Composition of Functions
Commutative Diagrams
Injections, Surjections and Bijections
Inverse Functions
Set Valued Functions
4 Relations and Operations
Equivalence Relations
Order Relations
Operations
5 The Natural Numbers
The Peano Axioms
The Arithmetic of Natural Numbers
The Division Algorithm
The Induction Principle
Recursive Definitions
6 Countability
Permutations
Equinumerous Sets
Countable Sets
Infinite Products
7 Groups and Homomorphisms
Groups
Subgroups
Cosets
Homomorphisms
Isomorphisms
8 R.ings, Fields and Polynomials
Rings
The Binomial Theorem
The Multinomial Theorem
Fields
Ordered Fields
Formal Power Series
Polynomials
Polynomial Functions
Division of Polynomiajs
Linear Factors
Polynomials in Several Indeterminates
9 The Rational Numbers
The Integers
The Rational Numbers
Rational Zeros of Polynomials
Square Roots
10 The Real Numbers
Order Completeness
Dedekind's Construction of the Real Numbers
The Natural Order on R
The Extended Number Line
A Characterization of Supremum and Infimum
The Archimedean Property
The Density of the Rational Numbers in R
nth Roots
The Density of the Irrational Numbers in R
Intervals
Chapter Ⅱ Convergence
Chapter Ⅲ Continuous Functions
Chapter Ⅳ Differentiation in One Variable
Chapter Ⅴ Sequences of Functions
Appendix Introduction to Mathematical Logic
Bibliography
Index
前言/序言
Logical thinking, the analysis of complex relationships, the recognition of under- lying simple structures which are common to a multitude of problems - these are the skills which are needed to do mathematics, and their development is the main goal of mathematics education.
Of course, these skills cannot be learned 'in a vacuum'. Only a continuous struggle with concrete problems and a striving for deep understanding leads to success. A good measure of abstraction is needed to allow one to concentrate on the essential, without being distracted by appearances and irrelevancies.
The present book strives for clarity and transparency. Right from the begin-ning, it requires from the reader a willingness to deal with abstract concepts, as well as a considerable measure of self-initiative. For these e&,rts, the reader will be richly rewarded in his or her mathematical thinking abilities, and will possess the foundation needed for a deeper penetration into mathematics and its applications.
This book is the first volume of a three volume introduction to analysis. It de- veloped from. courses that the authors have taught over the last twenty six years at the Universities of Bochum, Kiel, Zurich, Basel and Kassel. Since we hope that this book will be used also for self-study and supplementary reading, we have included far more material than can be covered in a three semester sequence. This allows us to provide a wide overview of the subject and to present the many beautiful and important applications of the theory. We also demonstrate that mathematics possesses, not only elegance and inner beauty, but also provides efficient methods for the solution of concrete problems.
Analysis itself begins in Chapter II. In the first chapter we discuss qLute thor- oughly the construction of number systems and present the fundamentals of linear algebra. This chapter is particularly suited for self-study and provides practice in the logical deduction of theorems from simple hypotheses. Here, the key is to focus on the essential in a given situation, and to avoid making unjustified assumptions.An experienced instructor can easily choose suitable material from this chapter to make up a course, or can use this foundational material as its need arises in the study of later sections.
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分析(第1卷) [Analysis 1] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025
分析(第1卷) [Analysis 1] 下载 epub mobi pdf txt 电子书 2025
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Hilbert space当然可以是有限维的,但是有限维的不很好玩。以为哪怕只是一个topological vector space (over C or R) (就是一个向量空间和一个拓扑,而这个拓扑使得向量空间上的两种运算连续),如果是有限维,那也和C^n或R^n是一样的。(homeomorphic)
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阿曼和埃舍尔的分析,第一卷连同第二和第三卷,组成了一个令人难以置信的丰富、全面、独立的对于高等的分析基础的处理。从集合论和实数的构建,作者继续引理、定理,定理证明的声明和斯托克的定理在最后一章的流形体积三世。
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这套书给人的感觉有点不上不下。具体来说,作者(基本上是)打算避开集合论公理和数理逻辑,但又花了十几页的功夫去描述这两个东西,而且还是在避免使用符号语言的情况下,使用自然语言来说明的.......嘛,因为原文是德文,说明上应该会比这英译本的要严格一些,但是这英译本就......举个例子来讲,英译本中一会儿用英语“and”来表示逻辑符号里的"AND",一会儿又用“and”来表示逻辑符号里的"INCLUSIVE OR"。都无语了......
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人都是有局限性的,「提升自我」这件事不只是技能上的提升,更核心的是视野、理念、思维方式这些意识世界里的东西。「读史使人明智,读诗使人灵秀,数学使人周密,科学使人深刻,伦理学使人庄重,逻辑修辞之学使人善辩:凡有所学,皆成性格。」第
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比如我们10岁以前,阿拉丁神灯这一类儿童书籍能够打动我们,也能够让我们开始学着认识这个世界。然而当我们长大一些之后,能够打动我们或者对我们有巨大帮助的书籍,会变化。所以第一个建议是:根据自己当前的人生阶段、认知水平来思考自己应该看哪一类书,比如说初入职场的人,去学习具体的工作技能(如Excel的使用)会比研读管理学理论要更为有益,因为对于这个阶段的你来说,技能性的东西可以现学现练,很快就能把书里的东西转化为自己能力的一部分。
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满意满意满意满意满意满意满意满意满意满意
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一、不同人生阶段、不同认知水平对应的“有效读书”标准不一样