The Competitive Advantage of Nations国家竞争优势 英文原版 [精装] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024

The Competitive Advantage of Nations国家竞争优势 英文原版 [精装] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024

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The Competitive Advantage of Nations国家竞争优势 英文原版 [精装] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024

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内容简介

Now beyond its 11th printing and translated into twelve languages, Michael Porter's The Competitive Advantage of Nations has changed completely our conception of how prosperity is created and sustained in the modern global economy. Porter's groundbreaking study of international competitiveness has shaped national policy in countries around the world. It has also transformed thinking and action in states, cities, companies, and even entire regions such as Central America.

Based on research in ten leading trading nations, The Competitive Advantage of Nations offers the first theory of competitiveness based on the causes of the productivity with which companies compete. Porter shows how traditional comparative advantages such as natural resources and pools of labor have been superseded as sources of prosperity, and how broad macroeconomic accounts of competitiveness are insufficient. The book introduces Porter's "diamond," a whole new way to understand the competitive position of a nation (or other locations) in global competition that is now an integral part of international business thinking. Porter's concept of "clusters," or groups of interconnected firms, suppliers, related industries, and institutions that arise in particular locations, has become a new way for companies and governments to think about economies, assess the competitive advantage of locations, and set public policy.

Even before publication of the book, Porter's theory had guided national reassessments in New Zealand and elsewhere. His ideas and personal involvement have shaped strategy in countries as diverse as the Netherlands, Portugal, Taiwan, Costa Rica, and India, and regions such as Massachusetts, California, and the Basque country. Hundreds of cluster initiatives have flourished throughout the world. In an era of intensifying global competition, this pathbreaking book on the new wealth of nations has become the standard by which all future work must be measured.

作者简介

Michael E. Porter, one of the world's leading authorities on competitive strategy and international competitiveness, is the C. Roland Christensen Professor of Business Administration at the Harvard Business School. In 1983, Professor Porter was appointed to President Reagan's Commission on Industrial Competitiveness, the initiative that triggered the competitiveness debate in America. He serves as an advisor to heads of state, governors, mayors, and CEOs throughout the world. The recipient of the Wells Prize in Economics, the Adam Smith Award, three McKinsey Awards, and honorary doctorates from the Stockholm School of Economics and six other universities, Porter is the author of fourteen books, among them Competitive Strategy, The Competitive Advantage of Nations, and Cases in Competitive Strategy, all published by The Free Press. He lives in Brookline, Massachusetts.

精彩书评

Building on his Competitive Strategy ( LJ 10/1/80) and Competitive Advantage ( LJ 3/1/86), which dealt with competition among companies, Porter here presents a new theory to explain global success. He identifies the fundamental determinants of national competitive advantage in an industry, shows how they work together as a system, and examines "clustering," in which groups of successful firms and industries emerge in one country to gain leading positions in the world market. This important work, based upon research conducted in ten nations, provides important data for both companies and governments. Highly recommended for academic, corporate, and large public libraries.
-- Leonard Grundt, Nassau Community Coll. Lib., Garden City, N.Y.

目录

Contents
Introduction
Preface
The Need for a New Paradigm
Conflicting Explanations
Asking the Right Question
Classical Rationales for Industry Success
The Need for a New Paradigm
Toward a New Theory of National Competitive Advantage
The Study
A Broader Concept of Competitive Advantage
Foundations
The Competitive Advantage of Firms in Global Industries
Competitive Strategy
Competing Internationally
The Role of National Circumstances in Competitive
Success
Determinants of National Competitive Advantage
Determinants of National Advantage
Factor Conditions
Demand Conditions
Related and Supporting Industries
Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry
The Role of Chance
The Role of Government
The Determinants in Perspective
The Dynamics of National Advantage
Relationships Among the Determinants
The Determinants as a System
Clustering of Competitive Industries
The Role of Geographic Concentration
The Genesis and Evolution of a Competitive Industry
The Loss of National Advantage
The Diamond in Perspective
Industries
Four Studies in National Competitive Advantage
The German Printing Press Industry
The American Patient Monitoring Equipment Industry
The Italian Ceramic Tile Industry
The Japanese Robotics Industry
National Competitive Advantage in Services
The Growing Role of Services in National Economies
International Competition in Services
The Relationship Between Services and Manufacturing
National Competitive Advantage in Services
Case Studies in the Development of Competitive Service Industries
Nations
Patterns of National Competitive Advantage
The Early Postwar Winners
American Postwar Dominance
Stable Switzerland
Sweden's Choices
Renewing German Dynamism
Emerging Nations in the 1970s and 1980s
The Rise of Japan
Surging Italy
Emerging Korea
Shifting National Advantage
The Slide of Britain
Crosscurrents in America
Postwar Development in Perspective
The Competitive Development of National Economies
Economic Development
Stages of Competitive Development
The Stages and the Postwar Economies of Nations
Postwar Economic Progress in Perspective
Implications
Company Strategy
Competitive Advantage in International Competition
The Context for Competitive Advantage
Improving the National Competitive Environment
Where and How to Compete Tapping Selective Advantages in Other Nations
Locating the Home Base
The Role of Leadership
Government Policy
Premises of Government Policy Toward Industry
Government Policy and National Advantage
Government's Effect on Factor Conditions
Government's Effect on Demand Conditions
Government's Effect on Related and Supporting Industries
Government's Effect on Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry
Government Policy and the Stages of Competitive Development
Targeting
Government Policy in Developing Nations
The Role of Government
National Agendas
The Agenda for Korea
The Agenda for Italy
The Agenda for Sweden
The Agenda for Japan
The Agenda for Switzerland
The Agenda for Germany
The Agenda for Britain
The Agenda for the United States
National Agendas in Perspective
Epilogue
Methodology for Preparing the Cluster Charts
Appendix B
Notes
References
Index
About the Author

精彩书摘

Chapter 1
The Need for a New Paradigm
Why do some nations succeed and others fail in international competition? This question is perhaps the most frequently asked economic question of our times. Competitiveness has become one of the central preoccupations of government and industry in every nation. The United States is an obvious example, with its growing public debate about the apparently greater economic success of other trading nations. But intense debate about competitiveness is also taking place today in such "success story" nations as Japan and Korea. Socialist countries such as the Soviet Union and others in Eastern Europe and Asia are also asking this question as they fundamentally reappraise their economic systems.
Yet although the question is frequently asked, it is the wrong question if the aim is to best expose the underpinnings of economic prosperity for either firms or nations. We must focus instead on another, much narrower one. This is: why does a nation become the home base for successful international competitors in an industry? Or, to put it somewhat differently, why are firms based in a particular nation able to create and sustain competitive advantage against the world's best competitors in a particular field? And why is one nation often the home for so many of an industry's world leaders?
How can we explain why Germany is the home base for so many of the world's leading makers of printing presses, luxury cars, and chemicals? Why is tiny Switzerland the home base for international leaders in pharmaceuticals, chocolate, and trading? Why are leaders in heavy trucks and mining equipment based in Sweden? Why has America produced the preem

The Competitive Advantage of Nations国家竞争优势 英文原版 [精装] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024

The Competitive Advantage of Nations国家竞争优势 英文原版 [精装] 下载 epub mobi pdf txt 电子书 2024

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基于10个主要发达国家的研究，《国家竞争优势》根据企业凭以竞争的生产率，第一次给出了理论解释。诸如自然资源和劳动力之类的传统比较优势，波特解释了它们作为财富的源泉是如何被替代的，以及对于竞争力泛泛的宏观经济解释是不充分的。书中介绍了波特的“钻石”模型，一种理解国家或地区全球竞争地位的全新方法，现在已经成为国际商业思维中不可或缺的一部分。波特的“集群”观点或相互联系的企业、供应商、相关产业和特定地区的组织机构组成的群体，已经成为企业和政府思考经济、评估地区的竞争优势和制定公共政策的一种新方式。

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吉米多维奇数学分析习题集》是最为经典的微积分习题集，自20世纪50年代引进以来，对我国半个多世纪的微积分和高等数学的教与学产生了重大的影响。《吉米多维奇数学分析习题集学习指引(第1册)》是为该习题集的俄文2003年版的中译本编写的学习指引。全书分三册出版，第一册为分析引论和一元微分学，第二册为一元积分学与级数，第三册为多元微积分。

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要素条件：土地（包括自然资源），资本，劳力，劳力教育水平，国家基础设施质量等。这些要素条件，有些是自然因素，另一些则是政府可以发挥作用的地方。

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需求条件：国内市场是否足够大。多数公司首先的目标是着重于满足国内市场的需要。如果国内市场很小，公司很难开发出新产品。

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　　《吉米多维奇数学分析习题集学习指引(第1册)》适用于正在学习微积分的大学生和需要提高自己数学水平与能力的各类自学者，对于讲授微积分或高等数学的教师和准备考研的学生也有参考价值。

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