代數幾何入門（英文版） [An Invitation to Algebraic Geometry] epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024

代數幾何入門（英文版） [An Invitation to Algebraic Geometry] epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024

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代數幾何入門（英文版） [An Invitation to Algebraic Geometry] epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024

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內容簡介

　　《代數幾何入門(英文版)》旨在深層次講述代數幾何原理、20世紀的一些重要進展和數學實踐中正在探討的問題。該書的內容對於對代數幾何不是很瞭解或瞭解甚少，但又想要瞭解代數幾何基礎的數學工作者是非常有用的。目次：仿射代數變量；代數基礎；射影變量；Quasi射影變量；經典結構；光滑；雙有理幾何學；映射到射影空間。
　　讀者對象：《代數幾何入門(英文版)》適用於數學專業高年級本科生、研究生和與該領域有關的工作者。

內頁插圖

目錄

Notes for the Second Printing
Preface
Acknowledgments
Index of Notation
1 Affine Algebraic Varieties
1.1 Definition and Examples
1.2 The Zariski Topology
1.3 Morphisms of Affine Algebraic Varieties
1.4 Dimension

2 Algebraic Foundations
2.1 A Quick Review of Commutative Ring Theory
2.2 Hilberts Basis Theorem
2.3 Hilberts NuUstellensatz
2.4 The Coordinate Ring
2.5 The Equivalence of Algebra and Geometry
2.6 The Spectrum of a Ring
3 Projective Varieties

3.1 Projective Space
3.2 Projective Varieties
3.3 The Projective Closure of an Affine Variety
3.4 Morphisms of Projective Varieties
3.5 Automorphisms of Projective Space

4 Quasi-Projective Varieties
4.1 Quasi-Projective Varieties
4.2 A Basis for the Zariski Topology
4.3 Regular Functions

5 Classical Constructions
5.1 Veronese Maps
5.2 Five Points Determine a Conic
5.3 The Segre Map and Products of Varieties
5.4 Grassmannians
5.5 Degree
5.6 The Hilbert Function

6 Smoothness
6.1 The Tangent Space at a Point
6.2 Smooth Points
6.3 Smoothness in Families
6.4 Bertinis Theorem
6.5 The Gauss Mapping

7 Birational Geometry
7.1 Resolution of Singularities
7.2 Rational Maps
7.3 Birational Equivalence
7.4 Blowing Up Along an Ideal
7.5 Hypersurfaces
7.6 The Classification Problems

8 Maps to Projective Space
8.1 Embedding a Smooth Curve in Three-Space
8.2 Vector Bundles and Line Bundles
8.3 The Sections of a Vector Bundle
8.4 Examples of Vector Bundles
8.5 Line Bundles and Rational Maps
8.6 Very Ample Line Bundles
A Sheaves and Abstract Algebraic Varieties
A.1 Sheaves
A.2 Abstract Algebraic Varieties
References
Index

精彩書摘

　　The remarkable intuition of the turn-of-the-century algebraic geometerseventually began to falter as the subject grew beyond its somewhat shakylogical foundations. Led by David Hilbert, mathematical culture shiftedtoward a greater emphasis on rigor, and soon algebraic geometry fell outof favor as gaps and even some errors appeared in the subject. Luckily,the spirit and techniques of algebraic geometry were kept alive, primarilyby Italian mathematicians. By the mid-twentieth century, with the effortsof mathematicians such as David Hilbert and Emmy Noether, algebra wassufficiently developed so as to be able once again to support this beautifuland important subject. In the middle of the twentieth century, Oscar Zariski and Andr Weilspent a good portion of their careers redeveloping the foundations of alge-braic geometry on firm mathematical ground. This was not a mere processof filling in details left unstated before, but a revolutionary new approach,based on analyzing the algebraic properties of the set of all polynomial func-tions on an algebraic variety. These innovations revealed deep connectionsbetween previously separate areas of mathematics, such as number the-ory and the theory of Riemann surfaces, and eventually allowed AlexanderGrothendieck to carry algebraic geometry to dizzying heights of abstrac-tion in the last half of the century. This abstraction has simplified, unified,and greatly advanced the subject, and has provided powerful tools usedto solve difficult problems. Today, algebraic geometry touches nearly everybranch of mathematics. An unfortunate effect of this late-twentieth-century abstraction is that ithas sometimes made algebraic geometry appear impenetrable to outsiders.Nonetheless, as we hope to convey in this Invitation to Algebraic Geome-try, the main objects of study in algebraic geometry, affine and projectivealgebraic varieties, and the main research questions about them, are asinteresting and accessible as ever.

前言/序言

　　These notes grew out of a course at the University of Jyvaskyla in Jan-uary 1996 as part of Finlands new graduate school in mathematics. The course was suggested by Professor Karl Astala， who asked me to give a series of ten two-hour lectures entitled "Algebraic Geometry for Analysts." The audience consisted mainly of two groups of mathematicians： Ph.D. students from the Universities of Jyvaskyla and Helsinki， and mature mathemati-cians whose research and training were quite far removed from algebra.Finland has a rich tradition in classical and topological analysis， and it was primarily in this tradition that my audience was educated， although there were representatives of another well-known Finnish school， mathematical logic.
　　I tried to conduct a course that would be accessible to everyone， but that would take participants beyond the standard course in algebraic ge-ometry. I wanted to convey a feeling for the underlying algebraic principles of algebraic geometry. But equally important， I wanted to explain some of algebraic geometrys major achievements in the twentieth century， as well as some of the problems that occupy its practitioners today. With such ambitious goals， it was necessary to omit many proofs and sacrifice some rigor.
　　In light of the background of the audience， few algebraic prerequisites were presumed beyond a basic course in linear algebra. On the other hand，the language of elementary point-set topology and some basic facts from complex analysis were used freely， as was a passing familiarity with the definition of a manifold.
　　My sketchy lectures were beautifully written up and massaged into this text by Lauri Kahanpaa and Pekka Kekallainen. This was a Herculean effort，no less because of the excellent figures Lauri created with the computer.Extensive revisions to the Finnish text were carried out together with Lauri and Pekka; later Will Traves joined in to help with substantial revisions to the English version. What finally resulted is this book， and it would not have been possible without the valuable contributions of all members of our four-author team.
　　This book is intended for the working or the aspiring mathematician who is unfamiliar with algebraic geometry but wishes to gain an appreciation of its foundations and its goals with a minimum of prerequisites. It is not in-tended to compete with such comprehensive introductions as Hartshornes or Shafarevichs texts， to which we freely refer for proofs and rigor. Rather，we hope that at least some readers will be inspired to undertake more se-rious study of this beautiful subject. This book is， in short， An Invitation to Algebraic Geometry.

代數幾何入門（英文版） [An Invitation to Algebraic Geometry] epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024

代數幾何入門（英文版） [An Invitation to Algebraic Geometry] 下載 epub mobi pdf txt 電子書

評分☆☆☆☆☆

用代數的方法研究幾何的思想，在繼齣現解析幾何之後，又發展為幾何學的另一個分支，這就是代數幾何。代數幾何學研究的對象是平麵的代數麯綫、空間的代數麯綫和代數麯麵。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

20世紀以來代數幾何最重要的進展之一是它在最一般情形下的理論基礎的建立。20世紀30年代，紮裏斯基和範·德·瓦爾登等首先在代數幾何研究中引進瞭交換代數的方法。在此基礎上，韋伊在40年代利用抽象代數的方法建立瞭抽象域上的代數幾何理論，然後20世紀50年代中期，法國數學傢塞爾把代數簇的理論建立在層的概念上，並建立瞭凝聚層的上同調理論，這個為格羅騰迪剋隨後建立概型理論奠定瞭基礎。概型理論的建立使代數幾何的研究進入瞭一個全新的階段。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

非常好的書，內容很好，循序漸進，

評分☆☆☆☆☆

代數幾何學的興起，主要是源於求解一般的多項式方程組，開展瞭由這種方程組的解答所構成的空間，也就是所謂代數簇的研究。解析幾何學的齣發點是引進瞭坐標係來錶示點的位置，同樣，對於任何一種代數簇也可以引進坐標，因此，坐標法就成為研究代數幾何學的一個有力的工具。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

小冊子，參考

評分☆☆☆☆☆

天書啊。。。要很專業的纔會買吧，內容我不知道怎樣，不過這本書應該算是經典

評分☆☆☆☆☆

　　該書適用於數學專業高年級本科生、研究生和與該領域有關的工作者參考學習。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

非常不錯的書，值得推薦

評分☆☆☆☆☆

敘述言簡意賅，一看就是有水平，要慢慢慢慢的讀啊

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