内容简介
BubblesWhat are bubbles made of?Why are they always round?Read and find out about the science behind soap bubbles, and learn why bubbles always go POP
作者简介
Kimberly Brubaker Bradley is the author of Energy Makes Things Happen and Pop!, an Outstanding Science Trade Book for Children, in the Let's-Read-and-Find-Out Science series. She has a degree in chemistry from Smith College and lives with her husband and two children in Bristol, Tennessee.
精彩书评
Kirkus What makes a bubble? Why does it pop? What makes it round? These and a dozen other questions are clearly explained in a brief, readable text in this "Let's-Read-And-Find-Out" Stage 1 science title. Bradley (Weaver's Daughter, 2000, etc.), a chemist and a mother of two enthusiastic bubble blowers, is right on target with questions and answers. Explaining that the air inside the soapy skin of a bubble doesn't push out more in one place or another, she effectively offers a mini-physics lesson. Moving on to demonstrate other liquids, she explains why some bubbles pop easier than others. Clear color photographs help to demonstrate each idea, using a racially mixed group of boys and girls blowing, popping, and examining big and little bubbles in various liquids. The author concludes with a recipe for making bubble solution and additional experiments with bubbles. Young readers (and their parents) will have a good time learning new science thanks to this playful offering. (Nonfiction. 5-8) Children's Literature What are bubbles made of? Why are they round? Why do they always pop? Investigate the basic science of bubbles with an author who has a degree in chemistry. Vivid photographs and clear, simple text introduce young children to science and help answer questions about one of childhood's greatest joys. Bubbles are simply air trapped inside liquid. They are round because the air inside pushes out evenly against the liquid skin. Bubbles eventually pop because their liquid skin dries out and shrinks, making them unable to hold all the air inside. After learning about bubbles and seeing so many pictures of colorfully captured bubbles, it may be the perfect time to make your own. To do so, follow the bubble solution recipe at the back of the book. You probably have the ingredients in your cupboard. Then you can try some of the experiments that follow. For example, if you make a square shaped wand, will you get square shaped bubbles? All young scientists should give it a try. Part of the "Let's Read-and-Find-out About Science" series. 2001, HarperCollins, $15.95, $15.89, and $4.95. Ages 3 to 6. Reviewer:Barbara Kennedy Fewer Reviews School Library Journal PreS-Gr 1-Bubbles here, bubbles there, bubbles, bubbles, bubbles everywhere-big ones, small ones, single ones, or in a stream. Some float gently, while some pop immediately. No matter what they are made of or how or where they are produced, they are always round, never square. A simple, accurate text that is also fun to read explains these facts. Delightful color photographs of charming children making bubbles and of bubbles floating freely reinforce and extend the text. Children will want to participate themselves to test the data. The book includes a page of experiments and a recipe for making a solution (which may need some adult help to prepare). This is science learning at its best.-Pamela K. Bomboy, Chesterfield County Public Schools, VA Copyright 2001 Cahners Business Information. Kirkus Reviews What makes a bubble? Why does it pop? What makes it round? These and a dozen other questions are clearly explained in a brief, readable text in this "Let's-Read-And-Find-Out" Stage 1 science title. Bradley (Weaver's Daughter, 2000, etc.), a chemist and a mother of two enthusiastic bubble blowers, is right on target with questions and answers. Explaining that the air inside the soapy skin of a bubble doesn't push out more in one place or another, she effectively offers a mini-physics lesson. Moving on to demonstrate other liquids, she explains why some bubbles pop easier than others. Clear color photographs help to demonstrate each idea, using a racially mixed group of boys and girls blowing, popping, and examining big and little bubbles in various liquids. The author concludes with a recipe for making bubble solution and additional experiments with bubbles. Young readers (and their parents) will have a good time learning new science thanks to this playful offering. (Nonfiction. 5-8)
前言/序言
探索光影的奇妙世界:一本书,带你走进色彩与折射的魔力 书名:光与影的秘密(暂定) 目标读者: 5至8岁儿童(小学低年级) 主题: 视觉科学、光线的基本性质、颜色混合与感知 篇幅: 约1500字 --- 导言:看不见的魔术师 我们的世界充满了奇迹,但最令人着迷的可能就是“光”。没有光,一切都将沉寂在黑暗之中。但光不仅仅是照亮我们前路的工具,它更是一位技艺高超的魔术师,总是在不经意间,为我们表演一场场关于颜色、形状和错觉的盛大演出。 这本书将带领小小的探险家们,跳脱出日常对“光”的简单认知,深入探究光线是如何工作的,以及它们如何与我们周围的一切物质发生互动。我们将用最简单、最直观的方式,揭开光影变化的神秘面纱。 第一章:光从哪里来?认识光源 想象一下,我们身处的房间突然陷入一片漆黑。我们立刻会本能地寻找光源——可能是天花板上的灯,窗外温暖的太阳,或是黑暗中闪烁的萤火虫。 在本章中,我们将首次接触“光源”的概念。我们会区分自然光源和人造光源。 自然之光: 太阳是最大的、最古老的光源。我们会讨论为什么太阳看起来是白色的,以及它穿过大气层时发生了什么变化。我们还会探索火焰、闪电甚至某些海洋生物(比如深海鱼)是如何自己产生光的。 人造之光: 从电灯泡到手电筒,人类发明了各种工具来“捕捉”和“制造”光。我们会简单介绍钨丝灯和LED灯的工作原理,着重强调它们如何将电能转化为光能,并提醒孩子们安全用光的重要性。 互动探索: 制作一个简单的“光源检测器”。利用一个纸筒和一张半透明的描图纸,让孩子尝试在不同光源下观察纸张的透光程度,初步理解光线的方向性和穿透性。 第二章:光在旅行:直线传播的奥秘 光线有一个非常重要的特性:它喜欢走直线。这个看似简单的规则,却是理解许多光学现象的基础。 我们会通过一系列有趣的实验来证明这一点。如果光线不走直线,那么我们看到的世界将会是多么混乱! 影子,光的足迹: 影子是光线被阻挡后留下的“空白区域”。本章的核心内容就是影子。我们会解释为什么不同的物体会投射出不同形状和大小的影子,以及影子是如何随着太阳在天空中的位置而改变的。一个物体,在早晨和傍晚的影子为何大不相同? 针孔相机(Pinhole Camera): 这是一个经典的科学玩具。我们将指导孩子们制作一个简单的针孔相机,观察被摄物体在相机内部屏幕上形成的倒立的真实影像。这个活动完美地证明了光是沿直线传播的,并且在穿过小孔后会发生交叉,从而形成倒影。 实践挑战: 在一个阳光明媚的下午,带着孩子走到户外,观察并画下同一物体在上午10点、中午12点和下午3点的影子形状对比图。 第三章:颜色的魔法:光与彩虹的秘密 我们看到的“颜色”,其实是光线与物体相互作用的结果。如果你认为物体本身拥有颜色,那么你只对了一半。 白光的分离: 牛顿的经典实验告诉我们,我们看到的白色阳光,实际上是所有颜色的混合体。我们将介绍棱镜的作用,以及如何利用一个透明的玻璃块将白光“拆解”成绚烂的彩虹(光谱)。我们会细数红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、靛、紫七种颜色,并记住它们出现的顺序。 物体为什么是这个颜色? 为什么苹果看起来是红色的?因为苹果的表面吸收了除了红色之外的所有颜色的光,并将红光反射回我们的眼睛。 吸收与反射: 黑色物体吸收了几乎所有光线,所以摸起来更热;白色物体反射了几乎所有光线。 颜色的混合: 本章会深入探讨“加色混合”——这是屏幕和灯光的工作原理。如果将红光、绿光和蓝光(RGB)混合在一起,会发生什么?它们会融合成明亮的白色! 创意工坊: 利用三原色光(可用不同颜色的透明塑料片代替光源)叠加,观察红光+绿光=黄光,蓝光+红光=品红光的有趣现象。 第四章:弯曲的光线:折射与反射 当光线遇到障碍或从一种介质进入另一种介质时,它的路径会发生变化。 镜子的魔力(反射): 反射是光线遇到光滑表面后弹回的现象。我们会学习镜子如何形成我们清晰的、左右颠倒的影像。我们会讨论平面镜的特性,以及为什么水面也能像镜子一样反射景物。 扭曲的汤匙(折射): 折射是光线从空气进入水或其他透明介质时速度发生变化而导致的路径弯曲。这是我们生活中最常见的“错觉”之一。 看不见的铅笔: 实验表明,将一根铅笔斜插入一杯水中,铅笔看起来好像在水面处断开了。为什么会这样?因为水让光线“拐弯”了。 水池变浅了: 我们还会解释为什么游泳池的水看起来比实际要浅,这都是折射在作怪。 结论:光明的未来 光科学不仅仅是关于有趣的实验,它也是我们理解整个宇宙的基础——从植物的光合作用到我们眼睛如何接收图像。 通过这本书的探索,孩子们将学会用科学的眼光观察日常生活中的每一个光影细节。他们会意识到,即使是最寻常的阳光,也蕴含着无穷无尽的科学奥秘等待着他们去发现和解读。拿起你的放大镜,继续探索这个被光照亮的美丽世界吧!这本书为你开启了一扇通往视觉科学的奇妙大门。