具体描述
内容简介
From the American Academy of Pediatrics, the most up-to-date, expert advice for mothers, fathers, and care providers
All parents want to provide the very best care for their children. This essential resource from the most respected organization on child health is the one guide pediatricians routinely recommend and parents can safely trust, covering everything from preparing for childbirth to toilet training to nurturing your child’s self-esteem. Whether it’s resolving common childhood health problems or detailed instructions for coping with emergency medical situations, this new and revised edition of Caring for Your Baby and Young Child has everything you need:
? a review of necessary basic care from infancy through age five
? milestones for physical, emotional, social, and cognitive growth, including red flags for preventing obesity
? a complete health encyclopedia covering injuries, illnesses, congenital diseases, and other disabilities
? guidelines for prenatal and newborn care, with spotlights on maternal nutrition, exercise, and screening tests during pregnancy
? an in-depth discussion of breastfeeding, including its benefits, techniques, and challenges, as well as nutritional needs and vitamin/iron supplementation
? updated safety standards: the very latest AAP recommendations, from CPR instruction and immunizations to childproofing tips and product and toy safety
? tips for choosing child care programs and car safety seats
? ways to reduce your child’s exposure to environmental hazards, such as air pollution and secondhand smoke
? the latest reports on cutting-edge research into early brain development
? updated content dedicated to sleep and allergies (including food allergies)
? new chapter on the effects of media and technology exposure on children
? special messages for grandparents and stepfamilies
? and much more 作者简介
Steven P. Shelov, MD, FAAP, is a professor of pediatrics at Stony Brook Medicine and associate dean of undergraduate medical education at the Winthrop University Hospital Regional Campus of Stony Brook. He received his M.D. from the Medical College of Wisconsin and his master’s in administrative medicine from the University of Wisconsin. After completing his residency in pediatrics at Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Dr. Shelov became Pediatric Program Director there, and for more than seventeen years was professor of pediatrics, director of pediatric education, and vice chairman of pediatrics. He then went on to become chairman of pediatrics and creator of the Maimonides Infants and Children’s Hospital of Brooklyn. Author of more than one hundred original publications and fifteen books, he has been the founding editor-in-chief of the American Academy of Pediatrics guide for parents, Caring for Your Baby and Young Child: Birth to Age 5 since its first edition in 1991.
Dr. Tanya Altmann is a UCLA-trained pediatrician who practices in Southern California. As a spokesperson for the American Academy of Pediatrics, she is frequently called upon by local and national news and talk shows to communicate complicated medical issues into easily understood concepts. She stays on the cutting edge through her position as assistant clinical professor at Mattel Children’s Hospital at UCLA, as chief medical advisor for the Newborn Channel, and her private practice. Her book Mommy Calls: Dr. Tanya Answers Parents’ Top 101 Questions About Babies and Toddlers, hit several bestsellers’ lists after its release. She is also editor-in-chief of the American Academy of Pediatrics’ parenting book The Wonder Years and associate medical editor of their bestselling Caring for Your Baby and Young Child: Birth to Age 5.,,
好的,这是一本关于婴幼儿早期教育与照护的深度指南的图书简介,它涵盖了从孕期准备到学龄前过渡的诸多关键领域,旨在为新手父母提供科学、实用且富有同理心的支持。 --- 《奠基:婴幼儿成长与发展的全景指南》(The Foundation Years: A Comprehensive Guide to Infant and Early Childhood Development) 面向未来父母与早期教育实践者的权威读本 在生命的最初几年,每一个微小的进步都构建了未来巨大的潜力。本书不仅仅是一本手册,它是一份详尽的路线图,引导父母和看护者深入理解生命早期阶段的复杂性、美妙与挑战。我们深知,养育一个健康、快乐且适应力强的孩子,需要超越日常护理的知识体系——它需要对儿童发展心理学、神经科学基础以及积极育儿哲学的深刻洞察。 《奠基》汇集了发展儿科学、认知心理学和依恋理论的最新研究成果,以清晰、系统的方式,为0至6岁儿童的照护提供了一个全方位的框架。本书的结构设计旨在适应父母在不同阶段的即时需求,同时提供长远的指导视野。 第一部分:孕育与生命的开端——构建安全基石 (The Genesis: Building the Secure Base) 本部分着重于生命开始前的准备工作,以及新生儿阶段的独特挑战。 1. 孕期营养、身心健康与产前准备: 深入探讨了影响胎儿大脑发育的关键营养素(如叶酸、DHA、铁的优化摄入)及其对长期认知功能的影响。我们提供了一份详尽的“婴儿准备清单”,侧重于心理环境的建设,而非仅仅物质的堆砌。探讨了“父职参与”如何从孕期开始对母婴关系的质量产生积极作用。 2. 神经科学入门:理解新生儿的大脑: 首次引入了发展神经科学的基本概念,解释了“突触修剪”、“髓鞘形成”等复杂过程,以及这些过程如何被早期经验塑造。重点讨论了“可塑性”的黄金窗口期,强调环境刺激的质量而非数量。 3. 依恋的建立与早期沟通: 详细阐述了依恋理论(Bowlby, Ainsworth)在实践中的应用。我们提供了区分“安全依恋”、“回避依恋”和“矛盾依恋”的明确行为指标,并提供了“共情回应”的脚本和练习,帮助父母学习如何“读懂”非语言信号——从最初的哭声模式到复杂的面部表情。 4. 睡眠的艺术与科学: 摒弃僵硬的睡眠训练法,本书提供基于儿童发展阶段的睡眠模式演变图。我们详细分析了REM与非REM睡眠在婴儿期对情绪调节和记忆巩固的作用,并提供了如何建立尊重孩子生物钟的“睡眠环境”的实用策略,而非强行“驯服”睡眠。 第二部分:探索的引擎——运动、认知与语言的飞跃 (The Exploration Engine: Leaps in Motor, Cognitive, and Language Skills) 本部分聚焦于婴儿期(6个月至2岁)快速发展的运动技能和语言爆发期,以及如何安全有效地支持这些里程碑。 5. 大运动与精细动作的发展路径: 详细描绘了翻身、爬行、行走、抓握的典型序列,同时强调了“个体差异性”的重要性。我们提供了一系列“鼓励探索的室内外活动”,这些活动基于蒙特梭利和瑞吉欧教育理念,旨在促进本体感觉和前庭觉的发展,而非仅仅是体能训练。 6. 认知发展:从客体永存到符号思维: 依据皮亚杰的理论框架,我们深入解析了婴儿如何通过感知运动阶段发展出理解世界的基本结构。重点讲解了“试错学习”、“模仿学习”的机制,并提供了如何在家中创建“刺激丰富的环境”(Enriched Environment)的低成本方案。 7. 语言的魔力:从咿呀学语到句子结构: 探讨了语言习得的社会互动模型,强调“语境化对话”(Serve and Return)的重要性。本书提供了“高阶词汇暴露法”,鼓励父母在日常对话中自然地使用更丰富的词汇,以及如何有效利用绘本进行“交互式阅读”,提升孩子的词汇量和叙事能力。 第三部分:界限与情商——迈向学步期与自我意识 (Boundaries and Emotional Intelligence: Navigating the Toddler Years) 学步期(18个月至3岁)是独立意识觉醒与规则建立的冲突期。本部分的核心是情商培养和有效行为管理。 8. 自我意识的觉醒与“可怕的两岁”: 分析了“坚持自我”(Autonomy)的心理学根源,解释了“发脾气”(Tantrums)本质上是未成熟的情绪调节能力的外在表现。我们提出了“双重选择法”(Offering Choices)来化解权力斗争,以及如何使用“肯定性语言”来引导行为。 9. 情绪的“教练”:培养情商的基石: 本章是全书的情感核心。它详细介绍了“情绪命名”(Labeling Emotions)的技巧,帮助孩子将内部感受与外部词汇联系起来。我们教授父母如何成为孩子情绪的“安全港”,而不是“评判者”,从而培养出高水平的同理心和挫折耐受力。 10. 早期社会化与游戏的力量: 探讨了平行游戏向合作游戏过渡的社会技能发展。介绍了如何引导孩子分享、轮流和解决冲突,强调“榜样作用”在社会学习中的不可替代性。 第四部分:准备起飞——学龄前过渡与家长自我关怀 (Preparing for Takeoff: Preschool Transition and Parental Well-being) 最后一部分关注学龄前阶段(3至6岁)的认知整合,以及支持家庭系统的持续健康。 11. 想象力的世界:假装游戏与执行功能: 深入研究了假装游戏(Pretend Play)对执行功能(如工作记忆、抑制控制和认知灵活性)的巨大贡献。本书提供了一系列复杂的角色扮演情景设计,旨在提升孩子的计划和问题解决能力。 12. 早期数学思维与科学探究: 强调数学和科学并非是抽象概念,而是对世界的观察和排序。介绍了如何通过日常活动(如烘焙、园艺、分类玩具)来自然引入“量化”、“模式识别”和“假设检验”的思维方式。 13. 数字时代的平衡:屏幕时间与健康界限: 本章提供了基于最新儿科建议的“数字营养”指南。重点讨论了如何选择高质量的教育性应用,以及父母如何通过身教来管理家庭的整体屏幕接触,保护孩子的注意力资源。 14. 持续的旅程:父母的韧性与照护者的支持系统: 认识到育儿的长期性,本书用大量篇幅讨论了父母的心理健康。它提供了识别“倦怠”的早期信号、建立有效社会支持网络以及实践“自我同情”(Self-Compassion)的具体方法,确保父母在支持孩子成长的同时,也能滋养自己的内心。 《奠基》旨在成为您家中书架上那本被翻阅最多、最受信任的伙伴,陪伴您穿越婴幼儿时期每一个关键的、不可复制的瞬间。它提供的不是刻板的教条,而是理解孩子发展“为什么”和“如何做”的深刻智慧。