The Gunpowder Age epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載 2025
發表於2025-03-17
The Gunpowder Age epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載 2025
Tonio Andrade is professor of history at Emory University and the author of Lost Colony: The Untold Story of China’s First Great Victory over the West (Princeton) and How Taiwan Became Chinese.
The Chinese invented gunpowder and began exploring its military uses as early as the 900s, four centuries before the technology passed to the West. But by the early 1800s, China had fallen so far behind the West in gunpowder warfare that it was easily defeated by Britain in the Opium War of 1839–42. What happened? In The Gunpowder Age, Tonio Andrade offers a compelling new answer, opening a fresh perspective on a key question of world history: why did the countries of western Europe surge to global importance starting in the 1500s while China slipped behind?
Historians have long argued that gunpowder weapons helped Europeans establish global hegemony. Yet the inhabitants of what is today China not only invented guns and bombs but also, as Andrade shows, continued to innovate in gunpowder technology through the early 1700s—much longer than previously thought. Why, then, did China become so vulnerable? Andrade argues that one significant reason is that it was out of practice fighting wars, having enjoyed nearly a century of relative peace, since 1760. Indeed, he demonstrates that China—like Europe—was a powerful military innovator, particularly during times of great warfare, such as the violent century starting after the Opium War, when the Chinese once again quickly modernized their forces. Today, China is simply returning to its old position as one of the world’s great military powers.
By showing that China’s military dynamism was deeper, longer lasting, and more quickly recovered than previously understood, The Gunpowder Age challenges long-standing explanations of the so-called Great Divergence between the West and Asia.
The Gunpowder Age epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載 2025
The Gunpowder Age 下載 epub mobi pdf txt 電子書The Gunpowder Age mobi pdf epub txt 電子書 下載 2025
The Gunpowder Age epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載##很受military revolution史觀影響。論點直接,認為中國曆史上戰爭頻繁的時期促進火藥武器發展,反之則阻礙。對比歐洲火藥武器發展史,考察發展路綫不同(歐洲的火炮和菱堡)以及中西交流和接觸衝突。認為盛清和平(乾隆後期到19世紀初)所緻的軍事落後造成鴉片戰爭落敗。
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評分 評分The Gunpowder Age epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載 2025