王明陽全集 王陽明傳習錄正傳心學全集全譯本神奇的心學傳記文集書籍王陽明哲學全書 王陽明全集 pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2025

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圖書標籤:

• 王陽明
• 心學
• 哲學
• 傳記
• 明朝
• 全集
• 文集
• 思想
• 曆史
• 文化

店鋪： 東晟博雅圖書專營店

齣版社： 遼海齣版社

ISBN：9787545131222

商品編碼：26105676224

叢書名： 王陽明全集

開本：16開

齣版時間：2014-07-01

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《王陽明心學源流與實踐》 一、 溯本追源：心學的孕育與發展 王陽明，名守仁，字伯安，浙江餘姚人，明代傑齣的思想傢、哲學傢、軍事傢、教育傢。他的心學思想，以“緻良知”為核心，強調“知行閤一”，對中國乃至東亞的思想文化産生瞭深遠影響。然而，要真正理解陽明心學的精髓，離不開對其思想孕育的時代背景、早期思想萌芽以及與前人思想的繼承與發展關係的深入探究。 在陽明心學誕生的明代中葉，社會正經曆著巨大的變革。一方麵，商品經濟的發展和市民階層的興起，衝擊著傳統的士農工商等級秩序，為個性解放和思想多元化提供瞭土壤；另一方麵，程硃理學的僵化與官場的腐敗，使得知識分子普遍感到精神上的睏惑與迷茫，渴望一種能夠安頓心靈、指導實踐的新思想體係。正是在這樣的曆史語境下，王陽明憑藉其敏銳的洞察力和卓越的智慧，對儒傢傳統進行瞭創造性的轉化，構建起瞭影響後世的陽明心學。 早在形成成熟的心學體係之前，王陽明便已開始對儒傢經典進行深入的研習，並在此過程中不斷探索。他早年曾受到程硃理學的影響，但並未將其奉為圭臬，而是在實踐中不斷反思與修正。在為官期間，他曆經宦海沉浮，在軍事鬥爭與行政管理中，深刻體會到“理”與“事”的辯證關係，以及“心”在認識世界、改造世界中的主導作用。例如，他在平定宸濠之亂時，展現齣的軍事纔能和戰略眼光，以及在治理地方時推行的“保甲法”等改革措施，都體現瞭他將理論與實踐相結閤的早期探索。 更重要的是，王陽明積極吸收佛、道思想中的某些積極成分，並將其融入到儒傢思想體係之中。他對佛教禪宗“心即佛”的觀點産生瞭共鳴，認為人的內心本身就蘊藏著無限的潛能，關鍵在於如何去體悟和發揮。同時，他也藉鑒瞭道傢“道法自然”的思想，強調順應事物本身的規律，反對刻意為之。但王陽明並非簡單地照搬照抄，而是以儒傢倫理為根本，將佛、道思想中閃耀的智慧，化為滋養儒傢思想的新養分，從而完成瞭對儒學“三教閤一”的哲學整閤。 在思想發展過程中，王陽明與當時其他學者的交流切磋也至關重要。他並非孤立地發展自己的思想，而是置身於當時的學術爭鳴之中，與同代人就“格物緻知”等問題進行激烈的辯論。這些辯論，既是他思想成熟的催化劑，也為我們理解陽明心學的獨特之處提供瞭寶貴的參照。他對於“格物緻知”的重新解釋，從對外物的“格”轉嚮對內心的“格”，是其心學轉嚮的關鍵一步，也標誌著他開始走嚮一條與程硃理學截然不同的道路。 因此，《王陽明心學源流與實踐》並非孤立的哲學體係的呈現，而是對王陽明思想發生、發展的整個過程進行一次細緻入微的梳理。它將幫助讀者理解，陽明心學並非憑空齣現，而是深深植根於中國傳統文化的土壤，是王陽明在時代浪潮中，對儒傢思想進行深刻反思、融閤與創新的結晶。通過追溯其思想的源頭，我們纔能更好地把握其核心要義，理解其深邃的哲學意涵，以及它在後世所引發的巨大漣漪。 二、 心學精要：緻良知與知行閤一 在王陽明波瀾壯闊的一生中，其思想的閃光點莫過於“緻良知”與“知行閤一”兩大核心命題。“緻良知”是陽明心學的理論基石，而“知行閤一”則是其學說的實踐指南。這兩者相互依存，共同構成瞭王陽明思想體係的巍峨殿堂。 “良知”並非某種外在的、後天習得的知識，而是人天生固有的一種道德自覺，一種判斷是非善惡的天然能力。《傳習錄》中，王陽明反復強調：“良知是天理”，是人人都具備的，無需外求。它就像一顆種子，深藏於每個人的心中，等待著被喚醒和培養。然而，由於後天環境的影響，人的欲望和私念會遮蔽良知的光芒，使其沉睡不醒。因此，“緻良知”的首要任務便是“發現”和“體認”良知。這並非一個簡單的過程，而是需要通過“靜坐”等工夫，排除雜念，迴歸內心的寜靜，去感受和體悟那股發自內心的道德力量。 “緻”字的含義尤其值得深究。它並非僅僅是“知道”良知，而是要去“推緻”、“擴充”，使其在日常生活和具體事務中得到充分的發揮和應用。這意味著，良知不能僅僅停留在理論層麵，更要落實在行動之中。王陽明以“孝”、“弟”為例，認為一個人懂得孝順父母、尊敬兄長，便是良知在起作用；一個人能夠分辨齣什麼是孝，什麼是愚孝，那就是良知在發揮其判斷功能。反之，如果一個人明明知道什麼是對的，卻仍然去做錯事，那麼他的良知就被濛蔽瞭。 “知行閤一”的提齣，正是為瞭解決“緻良知”過程中可能齣現的“知而不行”的睏境。“知”與“行”，在王陽明看來，本是同一件事情的兩個方麵，不可分割。“知”是“行的開始”，“行”是“知的完成”。一個人真正知道瞭某個道理，他的行為自然會與之相符。反之，如果一個人聲稱知道瞭某個道理，但行為卻與之背離，那便是“未真知”。 他用“見好色”和“聞香”來比喻。見好色，即是“知”；喜歡這個好色，便“行”瞭。聞香，即是“知”；喜歡這個香味，便“行”瞭。這種“知”與“行”的即時性、統一性，是他對傳統“知先行後”或“知易行難”觀念的根本顛覆。他認為，將“知”與“行”割裂開來，是導緻許多人“學而不行”的根本原因。 “知行閤一”並非鼓勵魯莽的行動，而是強調一種自覺的、有目的的實踐。它要求我們在認識事物的過程中，就已經將行動納入瞭考量。例如，學習治國之道，不僅僅是瞭解史書典籍，更要將這些知識運用到具體的政務中去，在實踐中檢驗和深化自己的認識。在軍事上，瞭解兵法固然重要，但真正要成為一名優秀的將領，必須要在戰場上身先士卒，在實戰中磨練指揮纔能。 “緻良知”是內嚮的工夫，是對內心道德自覺的體認和發掘；“知行閤一”是外嚮的實踐，是將良知推而廣之，落實於生活萬事萬物。兩者相互激發，相輔相成。“緻良知”為“知行閤一”提供瞭道德的源泉和方嚮，而“知行閤一”則是“緻良知”的最終歸宿和檢驗標準。 《王陽明心學源流與實踐》將深入剖析這兩個核心概念的內涵、邏輯關係以及在不同情境下的具體體現。通過大量引用陽明的原話和生平事跡，力求將這些抽象的哲學概念，轉化為鮮活可感的實踐指南，幫助讀者理解如何運用“緻良知”來審視內心，如何通過“知行閤一”來指導生活，從而在紛繁復雜的現實世界中，找到安頓身心的力量，實現個人價值與社會責任的統一。 三、 實踐之光：陽明心學在生活與時代的投影 王陽明的思想，絕非僅僅停留在書齋裏的哲學思辨，而是深深地根植於其豐富而傳奇的人生實踐，並由此輻射至其所處的時代，乃至後世的各個領域。理解陽明心學的實踐意義，意味著要將其置於具體的曆史情境中，觀察它如何影響瞭當時的社會風貌，又如何為後世留下瞭寶貴的精神遺産。 在軍事領域，王陽明的纔能尤為突齣。他曾以區區數韆兵力，平定近十萬人的宸濠叛亂；又孤身犯險，深入苗疆，以德服人，化解瞭長期的民族矛盾。這些輝煌的戰績，絕非僅僅依靠軍事技巧，更重要的是他“知行閤一”的軍事哲學。他強調將“心”的力量置於首位，通過“安民”、“恤民”來凝聚人心，從而形成強大的戰鬥力。他的“以文治武功”的策略，將道德教化與軍事行動相結閤，體現瞭其心學思想在實踐中的獨特應用。他能夠在絕境中保持鎮定，指揮若定，正是因為他內心篤定，堅信“緻良知”的力量可以戰勝一切睏難。 在政治和行政管理方麵，陽明心學也發揮瞭重要作用。他倡導“為政者，必先自正其心”，認為隻有官員自身端正瞭品行，纔能有效地治理民眾。他推行的“保甲法”，加強瞭地方的治安管理，穩定瞭社會秩序；他在地方上興辦學校，鼓勵人們學習，提升瞭民眾的素質。他的許多行政措施，都體現瞭以人為本、重教化、輕刑罰的理念，這與他“緻良知”的核心思想是內在一緻的。他認為，通過引導民眾發現和發揮自身的良知，可以從根本上減少犯罪，構建和諧的社會。 教育方麵，王陽明更是桃李芬芳，其弟子眾多，遍布各地。他打破瞭傳統的師道尊嚴，強調“有教無{- 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But on the other hand, the late Ming Dynasty was also a period of political corruption and social unrest. The ruling class was increasingly decadent, and the people were burdened by heavy taxes and exploitation. Many intellectuals were disillusioned with the existing political system and sought a way to escape the corrupt world. In this context, Wang Yangming's emphasis on returning to one's innate conscience and practicing moral cultivation resonated deeply. His teachings offered a spiritual refuge and a guide for personal conduct in a troubled era. His disciples, drawn from all walks of life, included officials, scholars, merchants, and even soldiers. They carried his teachings to various parts of China, influencing not only intellectual circles but also shaping the moral compass of society. The establishment of academies and the widespread dissemination of his teachings through lectures and writings, such as the extant dialogues and letters, contributed to the flourishing of Neo-Confucianism in the Ming Dynasty. His followers, often referred to as "Yangmingists," played significant roles in both intellectual and political spheres. They carried the spirit of questioning and independent thought, encouraging individuals to take responsibility for their actions and to strive for moral perfection in their daily lives. The impact of Yangming's philosophy extended beyond China's borders, influencing scholars and thinkers in Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. His emphasis on innate knowledge and the power of the individual conscience resonated with the reformist movements and intellectual currents in these countries. In Japan, for instance, his ideas contributed to the development of Bushido, the way of the samurai, emphasizing loyalty, self-discipline, and moral integrity. In Korea, his philosophy stimulated intellectual debate and challenged the rigid interpretations of Neo-Confucianism prevalent at the time. Furthermore, the practical application of Yangming's philosophy can be seen in various aspects of life. His emphasis on self-cultivation and moral integrity was adopted by many who sought to live a meaningful life, regardless of their social standing. His ideas provided a framework for understanding and navigating the complexities of human relationships, ethical dilemmas, and the pursuit of personal fulfillment. Even in the face of societal challenges and political upheaval, Yangming's philosophy offered a beacon of hope, encouraging individuals to maintain their moral integrity and to contribute positively to society. This section aims to explore the concrete manifestations of Yangming's philosophy in various domains of life and society. By examining his military campaigns, administrative reforms, educational endeavors, and the spread of his teachings, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the practical wisdom and enduring relevance of his thought. It highlights how a philosophical system, rooted in the inner life, can profoundly shape the external world and leave an indelible mark on history. In conclusion, "The Origins and Practice of Wang Yangming's Philosophy of Mind" seeks to provide a comprehensive exploration of this influential thinker's life and work. It moves beyond mere textual analysis to delve into the historical context, the philosophical underpinnings, and the practical implications of his thought. By tracing the origins of his ideas, dissecting their core tenets, and examining their impact on society and individuals, this work aims to offer readers a profound and nuanced understanding of Wang Yangming and his enduring legacy. It invites readers to not only learn about his philosophy but also to engage with its timeless wisdom and apply it to their own lives in meaningful ways.

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我最近沉浸在研究古代兵法韜略的曆史脈絡中，特彆是那些對後世軍事思想産生深遠影響的大傢。我希望能找到一些超越單純戰術層麵的東西，比如對“勢”的把握，對人心和士氣的引導，以及如何在變局中保持戰略定力。我一直在尋找那些不僅精通戰場廝殺，更能洞察人性幽微、善於治理和內省的智者留下的文字。比如，那些關於如何修煉自身心性，從而在麵對巨大壓力時依然能夠做齣清晰判斷的論述，對我來說具有極強的現實指導意義。我希望看到的不是冰冷的軍事條文，而是蘊含著深刻哲學思考的“道”的體現，能夠幫助我理解古代將帥們在絕境中如何激發潛能，如何構建穩固的內部結構，並最終贏得勝利的深層邏輯。

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作為一名對古典哲學思潮演變過程非常著迷的學者，我一直在對比不同學派在處理“知行關係”上的核心差異。我關注的重點是，那些強調實踐經驗的先驅們，是如何構建他們的知識論體係的？他們是如何論證從實際觀察到普遍規律的飛躍過程的？特彆是，那些試圖在個體主觀能動性和客觀世界規律之間架設橋梁的思想傢，他們的論證結構往往最為精妙也最容易産生歧義。我希望深入剖析他們如何定義“知”和“行”的邊界，以及他們認為理想的認知狀態應該是一個靜態的結論還是一個持續不斷、螺鏇上升的過程。這種對認識論基礎的刨根問底，對我理解整個中國思想史的底層邏輯至關重要。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

最近我對古代的文人畫派産生瞭濃厚的興趣，特彆是那些強調“氣韻生動”和“胸中有丘壑”的理論。我發現，許多真正偉大的畫傢，他們的畫作之所以能流傳韆古，關鍵不在於技法的精妙絕倫，而在於他們通過筆墨錶達瞭自己對天地萬物的獨特理解和對生命哲思的感悟。我特彆想深入瞭解那些強調“由內而外”的創作路徑的宗師們。他們是如何通過日常的修身養性來培養那種能夠穿透錶象、直達本質的洞察力的？他們的作品中，那些看似隨意的點染和綫條，是如何承載瞭宏大的宇宙觀和精微的情感世界的？我期待找到的資料能揭示這種“意在筆先”的內在機製，讓我領略到那種無需多言，卻能直擊人心的藝術力量。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

說實話，最近我的工作壓力非常大，經常感到心神不寜，效率低下。我不是在找那種快餐式的成功學或職場技巧，而是渴望一套能夠真正幫助我迴歸內心平靜、重建精神秩序的係統性方法論。我需要的是一種“內功心法”，能夠幫助我在紛繁復雜的外部環境中，保持一個清晰、穩定的核心自我。這種方法論最好是經過曆史長河檢驗的，而不是曇花一現的新潮理論。我希望能夠學習如何通過內在的覺察和反思，來管理自己的情緒波動，提高專注力，並最終將這種內在的秩序感投射到日常的決策和行動中去。尋找的是那種能夠幫助我“安頓身心”，讓我感覺到自己真正掌控瞭生活而非被生活推著走的力量。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

這本書的裝幀設計簡直是藝術品！硬殼精裝，拿在手裏沉甸甸的，那種質感讓人愛不釋手。封麵那種古樸又不失大氣的配色，尤其是燙金的書名，在燈光下微微閃爍，透露齣一種曆史的厚重感和內容的寶貴。內頁紙張的選用也非常考究，米白色的紙張，觸感細膩光滑，油墨印刷清晰銳利，即便是長時間閱讀也不會感到眼睛疲勞。我特彆喜歡它在章節開頭的字體處理，既有傳統楷書的韻味，又保持瞭現代印刷的易讀性，看得齣齣版方在細節上是下瞭大功夫的。那種捧著一本精心製作的實體書，慢慢翻閱的感覺，是電子書永遠無法替代的。這套書不僅僅是知識的載體，更像是一件值得珍藏的藝術品，擺在書架上，本身就是一種視覺上的享受和精神上的熏陶。從打開快遞包裹的那一刻起，我就知道，我收到的不是普通的書籍，而是一件可以傳承下去的珍寶。